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Modern woodworking enterprises strive not only to produce high-quality basic products, but also to profit from materials that were previously simply thrown away or disposed of for money. One of the ways to make the business eco-oriented is to start processing wood waste into pellets - an alternative cheap fuel.

Pellets: benefit or harm

Pellets are granules of cylindrical shape made of pressed wood, which surpass traditional fuels in heat capacity and safety. So, during the combustion of pellets, almost 50 times less carbon dioxide is released compared to coal, and almost 20 times less ash is formed than after burning ordinary wood.

Wood pellets are effective biofuels. The base of the granules is sawdust, they are added to the chips from knots, thin branches, bark, roots, other logging waste. It is also possible to use straw, husks and sunflower stalks, corn stalks and other plant materials. The properties of the resulting granules depend on additives.

Wood pellets with a small amount of impurities are used in domestic heating boilers, and with a significant amount in industrial boilers. Ashes of wood pellets are used to fertilize agricultural fields.

Pellet boilers have already become an alternative to gas for heating the premises of private houses. But wood pellets from waste are also used in conventional solid fuel boilers and simple stoves.

Advantages of fuel pellets:

  • ease of loading into the boiler (granulate does not dust, is not sensitive to high humidity);
  • the probability of spontaneous combustion is zero;
  • high heat transfer and increased combustion period (compared with the feedstock);
  • do not decay and do not mold;
  • require less storage space than coal or firewood.

In addition, after processing wood into pellets, the granules have a good bulk density, which allows them to be transported over long distances.

Who needs pellets from fuel pellets from waste

The granulation line will help to profitably get rid of surplus sawdust to all enterprises that work with wood. It:

  1. Logging, where sawn trees are cleaned from the crown and roots and sawmills, where logs are brought for cutting into measured pieces of different lengths. As a result, a large amount of waste remains: branches, bark, branches, leaves, stumps, roots, sawdust, fragments of trunks, etc.

  2. Timber industry on which the processing of raw materials. This includes primary woodworking (matches, plywood, lumber are made) and secondary - the creation of parts for furniture production, musical instruments, etc. Waste suitable for pelletizing: sawdust, wood chips, wood shavings, bark, wood dust.

  3. Factories producing furniture, stairs, windows, doors, parquet, flooring. As a result, lumpy waste (scraps), grinding dust, shavings remain.

Woodworking waste

For the processing of industrial wood waste will need special equipment. Depending on the volume of raw materials and the goals of the production itself, they acquire both a whole line for the manufacture of fuel pellets and a separate equipment - a granulator.

Technology for processing wood waste into pellets

The granulation line is the production of wood pellets by dry pressing and pressing the mass through a matrix.

Granulation stages of granular mixtures:

  1. Finished raw materials (humidity up to 15%) are fed into the granulator using a metering screw. It provides the mixture in equal portions.
  2. In the granulator, the raw material is pressed through narrow holes in the matrix, forming cylindrical granules. The length is adjustable with knives under the die.
  3. In order to instantly cool the granules and give them hardness, pellets are fed to a cooling complex using a ladle conveyor.
  4. As a result, dense pellets are formed, completely cleaned of dust and fines.
  5. After sifting, the granules immediately fall into the bags.

Pellet granulation line LLC Artmash

Today, the processing of sawdust into pellets or fuel briquettes is a promising area in business. But unlike pellets when using solid fuel boilers with briquettes, it is impossible to establish automatic mode. It is constantly necessary to fill the boiler furnace with briquettes and monitor its combustion, which is inconvenient and energy-intensive.

Pellets are more convenient and cheaper to manufacture. They can be used both for your own purposes, and sold in the domestic market or exported.

Modern environmentally friendly fuels can reduce the cost of purchasing expensive raw materials, as well as reduce the amount of harmful substances emitted into the atmosphere. European countries have long switched to the use of granular pellets as an alternative to existing fuels. Pellet production enterprises are concentrated in countries with a large abundance of forest resources: Canada, USA, Sweden, Finland, Germany.

Over the coming years, the need for wood pellets in our country will increase tenfold, which will pay off investments and bring much greater profit to enterprises.

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